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| Products made in Japan maintain a solid reputation and popularity worldwide. Many Japanese-made productseverything from consumer electronics equipment like televisions and video recorders, to automobiles, motorcycles, car navigation systems, game consoles, LCD panels, machine tools, and robotshave won top world market shares because of their excellence in performance and quality. Manufacturing is indeed a basic industry in Japan, underpinned by technological excellence. How did Japans manufacturing technologies attain such world-class standards? Human resources are unquestionably the main contributing factor. In Japan, engineers and researchers working in R&D are also typically first-class engineers on the production floor. Front-line engineers enthusiasm for improving their own skills and production processes makes a substantial contribution to advances in manufacturing technology. |